Lead Acid Battery - Basic Principles

The fundamental theory of the battery is that a voltage is developed between two electrodes of dissimilar metal when they are immersed in an electrolyte. In the typical lead-acid cell the generated voltage is 2.1 volts. A typical 12 volt Lead Acid Battery consists of 6 cells with Lead Dioxide (Positive Plate), Sponge Lead (negative plate) and Sulphuric Acid (H2S04) - electrolyte. In a normal discharge operation the lead reacts with sulphuric acid and become lead sulphate and water. This dilutes electrolyte. During a charging operation the reverse process take place. Watch the figure below to understand the discharge process.

Lead Acid Battery – Discharge Process

Also read: Lithium air batteries are three times better

Lithium air batteries are three times better

A lithium-air batteries are batteries lithium anode is electrochemically coupled to atmospheric oxygen through an air cathode. During discharge, lithium cations flow from the anode through an electrolyte and combine with oxygen at the cathode to form lithium oxide Li2O or lithium peroxide Li2O2 which is inserted in the cathode; this is coupled to the flow of electrons from the battery's anode to the cathode through a load circuit. The lithium ion batteries used in laptops and cellphones. Reversibility of the reaction to allow electrical recharge of Lithium-air is possible.
Lithium air cells have higher energy mass than lithium ion cells because of the lighter cathode and the fact that oxygen is freely available in the environment and does not need to be stored in the battery. It is considered that Lithium air batteries are three times better. With oxygen as an unlimited cathode reactant, the capacity of the battery is limited by the Li anode. Lithium air batteries are currently under development and are not yet commercially available. Watch a comparison statement showing battery capacities of various types of batteries.

Extended High Capacity 750Mah Cordless Phone Rechargeable Battery Empire CPH-403J

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Extended High Capacity 750Mah Cordless Phone Rechargeable Battery Empire CPH-403J

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